Interactive
Gas Chromatography
This recently upgraded and expanded training package,
written by an experienced practical chromatographer,
contains a wealth of information about all aspects of GC.
It gives comprehensive descriptions, with animated,
interactive demonstrations, of the principles,
instrumentation and practical applications of Gas
Chromatography, with self-test questions on each module.
Its
five modules are as follows:
1. GC Instrumentation
Overview:
the gas chromatograph, carrier gas supply, carrier gas
flow rates, GC columns, column ovens.
Sample injection systems:
split/splitless injection, on-column injection,
programmed-temperature vaporization, sample injection
valve, headspace analysis, autosamplers.
Detectors: flame
ionization (FID), electron capture (ECD), thermal
conductivity (TCD), thermionic ionization (TID), flame
photometric detector, atomic emission (AED).
GC - Mass Spectrometry
GC - Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry
2.Columns and Stationary Phases
Columns:
packed columns, stationary phase support material,
capillary columns, relative properties of packed &
capillary columns.
Column parameters:
diameter, length & film thickness.
Stationary phases:
liquid stationary phases, polarity of the
stationary phase, non-polar stationary phases, polar
stationary phases, specialty stationary phases,
stationary phase applications.
Gas-solid chromatography:
solid stationary phases, adsorption chromatography, PLOT
columns.
3. Chromatographic Theory
Introduction:
column chromatography, chromatograms.
Separation theory:
glossary of terms, retention time, capacity factor,
selectivity factor, effect of temperature, programmed
temperature analysis, resolution.
Column efficiency:
peak shapes, band spreading, efficiency & resolution.
Column dispersion mechanisms:
band broadening, Van Deemter equation, eddy diffusion,
longitudinal diffusion, mass transfer effects.
4. Analysis using GC
Sample preparation:
sample clean up, solid phase extraction,
derivatization.
Qualitative analysis:
peak identification, sample identification, dual
detection.
Quantitative analysis:
peak integration, area normalization, internal standards
- with example.
Developing a separation:
initial considerations, choice of detection, choice of
column, analysis temperature.
Interactive example of method development:
separation of a mixture of phenols.
5. Questions and Answers
Ten
questions on each of:
GC
Instrumentation
GC Separation Modes &
Analysis
GC Theory
Interactive GC is one of a range of training packages
for analytical chemistry: also available are Interactive
GC Applications & Method Development, HPLC, AAS, ICP
& MS . They are suitable for both university students
and laboratory staff, giving sufficient emphasis to both
theory and practice. Network versions are available.
There is now a wealth of research demonstrating the
advantages of computer-based training as compared to
traditional methods: increased understanding and
retention, shorter training time, constant availability,
flexibility of use and considerable cost savings.
Training is no longer dependent upon having access to
instruments, and can be tailored to individual
requirements.
Trainees can watch the animation demonstrating the
working of the instrument; adjust parameters to see their
effect; pursue their own lines of inquiry; and return to
areas of uncertainty. The software has a free flow,
open-ended structure which enables the user to browse
freely through its pages, or to follow the programmed
order. Thus a useful session may last 10 minutes or
several hours.
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